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2025
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- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
- Book : ()
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
ABSTRACTPurposeThis study aimed to identify prognostic factors and develop a nomogram for survival in patients with brainstem ependymoma.MethodsData of 652 patients diagnosed with brainstem ependymoma extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to examine factors influencing overall survival (OS). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and calibration curves were used to verify the nomogram. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze OS based on treatment methods stratification or different age patterns.ResultsSix independent prognostic factors of patients with brainstem ependymoma were identified, including age, race, marital status, radiation, gross total resection (GTR), and histology. A comprehensive nomogram model was developed utilizing these predictors identified through multivariable Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, we found that patients with GTR have improved overall survival than patient with no surgery and biopsy only or with partial resection (GTR vs. no: p = 0.0004, GTR vs. partial resection: p = 0.022). Patients with radiation have improved overall survival than patient without radiation (p = 0.00013). Patients with GTR combined radiation therapy have improved overall survival than patient without or with GTR or radiation therapy only (p < 0.0001). Different treatment methods have no significant difference in the overall survival probability of the elderly group.ConclusionsIndividuals who are Black and anaplastic ependymomas were negative risk factors for brainstem ependymoma associated with an increased risk of mortality. Patients aged < 50 years with GTR and radiation always had better survival.- Book : 14(2)
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
Background: The prognostic impact of internal carotid artery (ICA) invasion in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients is not well established. Thus, we conducted a retrospective study to analyze the prognostic factors for ICA invasion by NPC. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive biopsy-proven NPC patients who received CCRT from November 2015 to December 2022 at E-Da Hospital. Patients were then classified into two groups according to ICA invasion by tumor or not. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method with a five-year overall survival (OS) rate and five-year disease specific survival (DSS) rate. Results: A total of 191 patients with pathologically confirmed NPC were included in this study, with 54 patients in the ICA invasion group and 137 patients in the no ICA invasion group. The ICA invasion group showed a worse prognosis compared to the no ICA invasion group (p < 0.001 in OS and DSS). Patients were stratified into a poor response group and good response group. OS and DSS in the poor response group had a significant difference compared to the good response group (both p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, NLR was an independently prognostic factor for OS (HR 2.430, 95% CI 1.040–5.678, p = 0.040 and HR 0.412, 95% CI 0.176–0.962, p = 0.040, respectively) and for DSS (HR 2.430, 95% CI 1.040–5.678, p = 0.040 and HR 0.412, 95% CI 0.176–0.962, p = 0.040, respectively). Conclusions: Locally advanced NPC patients with ICA invasion have a miserable outcome and NLR represents a significant prognostic factor that impacts treatment decisions and survival.- Book : 17(3)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.488-488
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2025
Developing sustainable and green packaging products that protect foods and preserve their unique properties from UV radiation, which causes photochemical damage, is one of the extensive challenges in the food-packaging industry. Accordingly, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC)/graphene (G) nanocomposites that contained different weight percentages were prepared by a mechanical milling method. The influence of the G on the chemical composition and optical properties of the nanocomposites were studied by different techniques. SEM and FT-IR analyses confirmed the interaction between the CMC and G. The XRD spectrum showed that the crystallite size of the CMC decreased with G addition. The findings showed that changing the G concentration modified the CMC’s optical properties. The CMC’s transmittance decreased to 52%, 49%, and 57% in the UV-C (200–280), UV-B (280–320 nm), and UV-A (320–400) regions, respectively, with the addition of 2 wt.% of G. Moreover, the optical band gap decreased to 4.80 eV, while the Urbach energy increased from 0.34 to 0.94 eV as the G content increased. The density functional theory (DFT) assumption was followed to establish the electronic properties and vibrational spectrum of the CMC/G model. The theoretically determined IR and experimental FT-IR spectra of the CMC/G nanocomposites showed good agreement. The obtained results show that these nanocomposites are good candidates for food packaging.- Book : 17(3)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.391-391
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2025
In this study, we first analyzed data from 147 patients with solitary plasmacytomas treated at the Mayo Clinic between 2005 and 2022 and then expanded our investigation through a systematic review and meta-analysis of 62 studies, encompassing 3,487 patients from the years 1960 to 2022. Our findings reveal that patients with up to 10% clonal plasma cells in their bone marrow (BM), denoted as plasmacytoma +, had a significantly reduced median disease-free survival (DFS) of 15.7 months vs. 79 months, p<0.05, observed in patients with true solitary plasmacytomas, with no clonal cells in the BM. Risk factors identified for shorter DFS included the presence of clonal plasma cells in the marrow and a DFLC > 5 mg/dl. The meta-analysis portion of our study highlighted a male predominance among patients, with a median age of 58, and confirmed radiation therapy as the predominant treatment modality. We also found that DFS rates at 3, 5, and 10 years were 66.9%, 55%, and 42.1%, respectively, and noted a significant difference in outcomes between patients with bone and extramedullary plasmacytomas, with the latter group exhibiting better survival rates. This dual-faceted approach provides a thorough overview of survival rates and critical risk factors for plasmacytoma patients, underscoring the vital role of accurate disease staging at diagnosis and the impact of tumor location on patient prognosis.- Book : ()
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
In the present study, four new species, Geastrum artocarpicola, G. fibulatum, G. sinense and G. trachelium collected from China, are proposed based on a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. Geastrum artocarpicola is characterized by shallowly saccate to deep saccate exoperidium, bubble-shaped to flask shaped basidia, spherical basidiospores. G. fibulatum is characterized by shallowly saccate to deep saccate exoperidium, spherical basidiospores, generative hyphae with clamp connections in the mycelium layer. G. sinense has arched exoperidium, long stipe expanded basidiomata, and spherical basidiospores. G. trachelium has deep saccate exoperidium, flask-shaped basidia, and spherical basidiospores. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS), large subunit (nrLSU), the largest subunit of ribosomal polymerase II (RPB1), and subunit 6 of ATP synthase (ATP6) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) markers of the studied samples were generated, and the phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The results showed that our collection clustered within Geastrum but distinctly from the others. Full morphological descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic analyses results for the four new species are provided. In addition, G. sanglinense is treated as a synonym of beijingense.- Book : 113()
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.73-100
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2025
Abstract2D materials, including transition metal dichalcogenides, are attractive for a variety of applications in electronics as well as photonics and have recently been envisioned as an appealing platform for phonon polaritonics. However, their direct characterization in the terahertz spectral region, of interest for retrieving, e.g., their phonon response, represents a major challenge, due to the limited sensitivity of typical terahertz spectroscopic tools and the weak interaction of such long‐wavelength radiation with sub‐nanometer systems. In this work, by exploiting an ad‐hoc engineered metallic surface enabling a ten‐thousand‐fold local absorption boost, enhanced terahertz spectroscopy of a monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (tungsten diselenide) is performed and its dipole‐active phonon resonance features are extracted. In addition, these data are used to obtain the monolayer effective permittivity around its phonon resonance. Via the direct terahertz characterization of the phonon response of such 2D systems, this method opens the path to the rational design of phonon polariton devices exploiting monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides.- Book : ()
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
Two-stroke spark ignition engines are widely used in Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles. Aviation kerosene offers advantages over aviation gasoline due to
its higher flash point and lower volatility, making it likely to be adopted
more widely in the future. However, the poor evaporation and atomization
characteristics of aviation kerosene result in suboptimal ignition
performance, especially in the engine start-up phase. To explore the fitting
mixture concentration and temperature conditions for achieving better
ignition performance of aviation kerosene, A series of experimental studies
are conducted on a two-stroke engine. The intrinsic factors affecting engine
performance are analyzed. The experimental results indicate that optimal
ignition characteristics, maximum power output, and a reduced misfire rate
can be achieved at mixture concentration of 0.6 and mixture temperature of
80?C. Furthermore, the misfire rate is most sensitive to the combustion
duration, while the cyclic variations show significant sensitivity to
ignition delay. The results provide guidance for optimizing ignition
performance during the start-up phase of two-stroke engines fueled with
aviation kerosene.- Book : (00)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.18-18
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2025
To explore the influencing factors of explosion accidents caused by gasoline
leakage in a confined space, the effects of ignition delay time, ignition
energy, initial pressure, initial temperature and mass concentration on
gasoline vapor explosion pressure and flame propagation velocity were
investigated using a 20 L spherical explosion vessel. The dynamic explosion
temperature distribution of gasoline vapor was mapped by the colorimetric
thermometry, and the results demonstrated that the optimal ignition delay
time, ignition energy and mass concentration of gasoline vapor in the
confined space were 100 ms, 100 J and 160 g/m3, respectively. When the
initial pressure was 0.11 MPa, the deflagration pressure of gasoline vapor
explosion reached the maximum of 1.08 MPa. The influence of the increasing
initial temperature on the maximum explosion pressure rise rate of gasoline
was greater than that on the explosion pressure and combustion duration.
When the mass concentration of gasoline vapor was 160 g/m3, the flame
propagation velocity and average temperature both obtained their maximum
values of 1.23 m/s and 2271 K, respectively. The research results were
conductive to reveal the mechanism of explosion accidents caused by gasoline
leakage in a confined space, and may provide theoretical guidance for safe
storage and transportation of gasoline.- Book : (00)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.17-17
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