The present paper analyzes the individual effects of three dimensions of knowledge management on product and process innovations in the field of PV/T technologies. Forms of a specially prepared questionnaire were adequately filled in by 300 Serbian companies who already use, produce or plan to produce some PV/T technology. The collected data were analyzed by means of the partial least squares structural equation modeling algorithm in the partial least squares path modeling software package version 0.5.0. The survey was conducted in the period from May to September 2023 in 300 small- and medium-sized companies. The findings show that knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, and knowledge sharing, as dimensions of knowledge management, have positive effects on the implementation of product and process innovations in the surveyed companies. However, it is revealed that knowledge sharing has the greatest effect on the considered innovations in companies dealing with PV/T technologies. In addition, the lowest effect is obtained for the dimension of knowledge acquisition, while the effect of knowledge storage is medium.

• Book : (00)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.71-71
• Keyword :

Riedel’s thyroiditis is a rare inflammatory disease characterized by extensive fibrosis, often mimicking malignancy. The concurrent presence of Riedel’s thyroiditis with noninvasive follicular neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is exceptionally rare and has not been previously reported. A 63-year-old male presented with an acute onset anterior cervical mass, fever, and dysphagia. Imaging revealed a large cystic mass in the right thyroid lobe extending into the mediastinum. Initial treatment with antibiotics led to partial improvement, but persistent swelling necessitated a deferred total thyroidectomy. Intraoperatively, the thyroid gland was fibrotic and adherent to surrounding structures. Histopathological examination confirmed Riedel’s thyroiditis with extrathyroidal extension and an underlying NIFTP. Postoperatively, the patient developed left vocal cord paresis and primary hypoparathyroidism. Systemic fibrotic involvement was ruled out through a thoracoabdominal-pelvic computed tomography (CT) scan. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges, atypical presentation, and management strategies of this unique coexistence, initially masquerading as a thyroid abscess.

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

Abstract Regional scale Marine Cloud Brightening (MCB) has been proposed as a novel climate intervention to reduce the impact of global warming and associated marine heatwaves on the
Great Barrier Reef (GBR). The concept relies on artificially generated sea spray aerosols (SSA) at the ocean surface and their transport in sufficient quantities to low-level maritime clouds. A portion of the SSA that reaches cloud height can act as additional cloud condensation nuclei and modify cloud microphysical properties, potentially reducing the amount of solar radiation reaching the sea surface. Although modelling data supports the MCB concept, field experiments demonstrating the dispersion of artificially produced sea spray aerosols to clouds have not been previously reported. Here, we show that within a field of low-level trade wind cumulus-type clouds, an aerosol plume generated at the sea surface on board a research vessel was rapidly advected to cloud base height. Aircraft measurements conducted during two different sampling strategies, detected the aerosol plume from the vessel’s sea water atomisation system just below cloud bases at 700–900 m altitudes. For an estimated surface level aerosol production rate of 4 × 1014/s, aerosol concentrations at cloud base were detected with peak number concentrations of up to ~1 × 103/cm3. Although such production rates of aerosol particles are orders of magnitude less than what is envisioned for any practical implementation of MCB, our results indicate that cloud perturbation experiments should now be possible using surface-produced sea spray aerosols.

• Book : ()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

Nanomaterials represent an innovation in cancer imaging by offering enhanced contrast, improved targeting capabilities, and multifunctional imaging modalities. Recent advancements in material engineering have enabled the development of nanoparticles tailored for various imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and ultrasound (US). These nanoscale agents improve sensitivity and specificity, enabling early cancer detection and precise tumor characterization. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations play a pivotal role in optimizing nanomaterial-based imaging by modeling their interactions with biological tissues, predicting contrast enhancement, and refining dosimetry for radiation-based imaging techniques. These computational methods provide valuable insights into nanoparticle behavior, aiding in the design of more effective imaging agents. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) approaches are transforming cancer imaging by enhancing image reconstruction, automating segmentation, and improving diagnostic accuracy. AI-driven models can also optimize MC-based simulations by accelerating data analysis and refining nanoparticle design through predictive modeling. This review explores the latest advancements in nanomaterial-based cancer imaging, highlighting the synergy between nanotechnology, MC simulations, and AI-driven innovations. By integrating these interdisciplinary approaches, future cancer imaging technologies can achieve unprecedented precision, paving the way for more effective diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies.

• Book : 15(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.444-444
• Keyword :

Abstract The delay between the origin of animals in the Neoproterozoic and their Cambrian diversification remains perplexing. Animal diversification mirrors an expansion in marine shelf area under a greenhouse climate, though the extent to which these environmental conditions directly influenced physiology and early organismal ecology remains unclear. Here, we use a biogeochemical model to quantify oxygen dynamics at the sunlit sediment-water interface over day-night (diel) cycles at warm and cold conditions. We find that warm temperatures dictated physiologically stressful diel benthic oxic-anoxic shifts over a nutrient-rich shelf. Under these conditions, a population-and-phenotype model further show that the benefits of efficient cellular oxygen sensing that can offer adaptations to stress outweigh its cost. Since diurnal benthic redox variability would have expanded as continents were flooded in the end-Neoproterozoic and early Palaeozoic, we propose that a combination of physiological stress and ample resources in the benthic environment may have impacted the adaptive radiation of animals tolerant to oxygen fluctuations.

• Book : 16(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

Abstract Radioactive cesium was released into the environment from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant of Tokyo Electric Power Company, which was damaged by the Great East Japan Earthquake. The shiitake industry suffered various damages as a result. One type of damage is contamination by radioactive cesium in the cultivation environment, known as ‘additional contamination’. Additional contamination is assumed to be caused by the transfer of radioactive cesium from the soil to the fruiting bodies via the bed-logs. We conducted a 15-month bed-log cultivation in a glasshouse on soil contaminated with radioactive cesium to verify the transfer of radioactive cesium from the soil to the fruiting body. The transfer was verified mainly using stable cesium, but no transfer of radioactive cesium from soil to the fruiting body was observed. This result indicates that additional contamination is caused by other factors.

• Book : 71(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page :
• Keyword :

This study aims to examine the relationship between meteorological factors, specifically temperature, solar radiation, and ozone concentration levels. Levels of surface ozone were monitored (O3) in Chonburi, Thailand (located at 3.2017° N, 101.2524° E), from January 2010 to December 2020. Thailand’s coastal tropical environment provided a unique setting for the study. The study revealed a distinctive seasonal trend in ozone levels, with the highest concentrations occurring during the winter and the lowest in the rainy season, on average. The increase of O3 in the summer was primarily attributed to intense ground-level solar radiation and higher temperatures of around 30–35 °C, enhancing O3 concentrations ranging from 200 to 1400. During the winter, there is an increased elimination of the O3 concentration by higher levels of NO2. The study also examined the relationship between ozone levels and various meteorological factors to identify which had the most significant impact on ozone formation. The analysis showed that the ozone concentration has a strong negative correlation with relative humidity but is positively correlated with solar radiation, temperature, and wind speed.

• Book : 13(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.226-226
• Keyword :

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether interim PET/CT (iPET) scans could identify follicular lymphoma (FL) patients at high risk of relapse following first-line therapy. Methods: A total of 117 FL patients who underwent iPET scans were included, with responses interpreted using the Deauville score (DS). Progression-free survival (PFS) was evaluated over a median follow-up of 34 months. Results: Overall, 34% of patients were classified as iPET (+), with significantly worse estimated 5-year PFS compared to iPET (−) patients (34% vs. 76%, hazard ratio 4.3, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed iPET (+) as an independent predictor of PFS. Conclusions: Interim PET results are significant predictors of PFS in FL first-line therapy and could inform response-adapted treatment strategies.

• Book : 17(7)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1065-1065
• Keyword :

A full stress–strain (SS) curve is an important material property for characterizing mechanical behavior. It can be obtained directly from conventional uniaxial tensile tests. It can also be predicted from the load-displacement curve obtained from an instrumented indentation test (IIT). To predict the SS curves, the IIT can use iterative finite element analysis (FEA) of the indentation process using a constitutive model, such as a power-law constitutive model. To overcome the issue of idealizing the SS curves with the power-law constitutive model, the concept of SS curve estimation using a master SS curve for specific materials was proposed in our previous study. In this study, a master curve was derived using various SS curves for SS316. A case study was conducted, and then the robustness and effectiveness of the SS curve prediction method using a master curve was evaluated.Consequently, the error using the master curve of SS316 was found to be negligible to the IIT behavior but significantly improved the accuracy of SS curve prediction compared to the power-law constitutive model

• Book : 57(5)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.325-337
• Keyword :

The liquid lead lithium blanket is considered to be one of the most promising blanket concepts. Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steel probably emerge as an important candidate for blanket structure material for its substantial enhancement of neutron radiation resistance and mechanical strength at high temperature. However, during the long-term operation of fusion reactor, it’s inevitable for structural material and its welded joints to experience adverse corrosion from liquid lead lithium. In this paper, the self-developed rotating corrosion apparatus was used to conduct a corrosion test of laser-welded ODS steel exposed to liquid lead lithium for thousands of hours. The influence of corrosion time on the corrosion of ODS steel laser welding was analyzed.The results show that the corrosion rates of ODS steel and its welded joints are 76 and 88.6 μm⋅year 􀀀 1, respectively. After 5000 h of exposure, various pits and gullies are observed on the surface of weld zone, while penetrating cracks are clearly visible in the cross-section. Corrosion occurs preferentially from austenite grain boundaries, and the corrosion mechanism is mainly the dissolution of Fe and Cr alloying elements. Meanwhile, a decrease in the hardness of the welded joints with the increase of corrosion time is observed

• Book : 57(5)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1-42
• Keyword :