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2025
- Book : ()
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
The Sulu Sea has active internal tides (ITs) and basin-scale circulation. This study, for the first time, employs three-dimensional simulations to investigate the effects of the Sulu Sea circulation on IT generation and propagation. Results reveal that the cyclonic circulation can enhance the semi-diurnal and diurnal IT energy conversion in the Sulu Archipelago by approximately 17% and 77%, respectively, compared to those without circulation for semi-diurnal ITs (4.36 GW) and diurnal ITs (2.76 GW). This different increase portion between semi-diurnal and diurnal ITs is attributed to different influences of circulation on the positive and negative conversion rates for semi-diurnal and diurnal ITs. Energy budget analysis indicates that circulation increases the proportion of dissipation near source regions from 88% (90%) to 94% (93%) and reduces the proportion of energy flux radiation from 12% (10%) to 6% (7%) for semi-diurnal (diurnal) ITs. The ray-tracing results indicate that the cyclonic circulation induces significant westward refraction of IT rays by modulating IT speeds in counter-current/co-current regions. Further sensitive experiments reveal that circulation-induced stratification weakens the refraction, whereas the background currents strengthen it, with the latter dominating. These findings advance our understanding of the IT behaviors in the Sulu Sea under the modulation of circulation.- Book : 13(4)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.806-806
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2025
After decades of experimental efforts, the DAMA/LIBRA(DL) annual modulation (AM) analysis on the χN (WIMP dark matter interactions on nucleus) channel remains the only one which can be interpreted as positive signatures. This has been refuted by numerous time-integrated (TI) and AM analysis. It has been shown that χe (WIMP interactions with electrons) alone is not compatible with the DL AM data. We expand the investigations by performing an AM analysis with the addition of χe long-range and short-range interactions to χN, derived using the frozen core approximation method. Two scenarios are considered, where the χN and χe processes are due to a single χ (Γtot1χ) or two different χ’s (Γtot2χ). The combined fits with χN and χe provide stronger significance to the DL AM data which are compatible with the presence of additional physical effects beyond χN alone. This is the first analysis which explores how χe AM can play a role in DL AM. The revised allowed regions as well as the exclusion contours from the other null AM experiments are presented. All DL AM allowed parameter spaces in χN and χe channels under both Γtot1χ and Γtot2χ are excluded at the 90% confidence level by the combined null AM results. It can be projected that DL-allowed parameter spaces from generic models with interactions induced by two-WIMPs are ruled out.
Published by the American Physical Society
2025
- Book : 111(8)
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
A sound power spectrum analysis has been conducted on a T-7A-installed F404 engine, for operating conditions spanning intermediate thrust to afterburner. From free-field pressure spectra at microphone arc arrays with radii of 38 and 76 m, sound power level spectra are calculated from surface integrals and assumed axisymmetric radiation. The spectral peak-frequency region, from ∼100–500 Hz, broadens with increasing engine conditions. When the power level spectra are plotted with Strouhal number, the spectral peak decreases with engine condition. Comparing this decrease with rocket data suggests that military jet noise radiation is becoming more rocket-like, especially at afterburner conditions.- Book : 5(4)
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
ABSTRACTOsteoporosis, the most prevalent metabolic bone disorder, is a major public health issue. Previous studies indicated the potential of food components in mitigating the risks of osteoporosis. The study aimed to evaluate the potential of canola protein hydrolysates (CPH) on osteoclastogenesis using a pre‐osteoblast cell MC3T3‐E1. Twenty‐two CPHs were prepared by 12 different proteases, either individually or in combination. Three CPHs, prepared by trypsin (CPH‐T), Protex 6L (CPH‐P), and the combination of Protex 6L and thermoase (CPH‐PT) showed promising activity in promoting in vitro bone formation. CPH‐T and CPH‐PT improved cell proliferation at a concentration of 10 ug/ml, while all three hydrolysates exhibited cytotoxicity at 1000 ug/ml. All three hydrolysates promoted the level of runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and type I collagen, and mineralization in osteoblast cells, in a dose‐dependent manner. Additionally, these three hydrolysates elevated the osteoprotegerin (OPG) level and reduced the level of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL). This study indicated the activity of CPHs in the promotion of bone formation and prevention of osteoclastogenesis, suggesting the potential of CPHs as a promising functional food ingredient against osteoporosis.- Book : 90(4)
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
- Book : 46(4)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.425-428
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2025
Essential oils (EOs) have a long-standing tradition and remain widely used in therapeutic applications. Their biological activities are primarily driven by complex interactions among their diverse components which exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects, resulting in a broad spectrum of pharmacological and biological properties. These components are characterized by distinct molecular formulas, specific molecular weights, and unique physicochemical properties. The composition, content, and bioactivity of EOs are influenced by a variety of internal and external factors. Internal factors include genetic aspects (species, ecotype, chemotype, cultivar, and variety), plant developmental stage, and the specific plant part used. External factors encompass environmental and cultivation conditions (climate, radiation, diurnal and annual rhythms, harvesting practices, latitude, planting dates, irrigation, fertilization, salinity, and growth retardants), postharvest techniques (drying methods and storage conditions), and extraction and distillation processes (methods, moisture, acidity, distillation time, and gas chromatography analysis conditions). Additionally, oil degradation during storage (due to light, temperature, oxygen, chemical composition, and metal contaminants) and factors affecting bioactivity (plant part treated, solvent/detergent used, composition–activity relationships, techniques, biological material, dose/concentration selection, reference compounds, and comparison with literature data) play critical roles in shaping EO properties. This review provides a comprehensive examination of these factors, highlighting their impact on the content, composition, and bioactivity of EOs. By addressing these parameters in detail, this work aims to enhance the understanding of EOs and their therapeutic potential.- Book : 4()
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
AbstractRecent decades have seen substantial variations in the physicochemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosols with expected continued changes in the future. While sustained global emission controls have yielded significant environmental benefits, the associated climate penalty from complex radiative effects has induced additional warming, raising public concern. Our study reveals that increased coarse particles enhance fine particle coagulation, contributing to higher coarse particle levels and a reduction in coarse particle peak size, thereby scattering more solar radiation and mitigating the warming from reduced fine particles in Europe. From 1999 to 2021, changes in coarse particles offset 24.6% (26.3%) of the reduced cooling effect at the top (ground) of atmosphere from fine particle reductions. Our findings highlight the complex but significant role of aerosol size changes in influencing solar radiation budget, offering potential relief for global warming concerns and bolstering emissions reduction efforts, with important global and European implications amid ongoing and expected anthropogenic emission cuts.- Book : 13(4)
- Pub. Date : 2025
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2025
The detection and localization of low-power radio frequency emitters (RFE) in populated areas using stationary spectrum sensing (SS) equipment is ineffective due to the lack of line of sight in shadowing effect. To solve this problem, it is advisable to place the SS equipment on a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The limitations of this solution are low time for data collection and processing and the low computing power of SS device. This leads to a decrease in search capabilities of SS both in terms of spatial coordinates and frequency, which is critical in conditions of high density of RFE. The aim of this article is to increase the speed of RFE searching using a UAV-mounted SS device under time, weight, and energy constraints by using a system of broadband directional antennas and multichannel sequential signal processing. The amplitude direction finding method was chosen to estimate the direction of radio wave arrival, taking into account the mass and computational limitations of the SS device placed on the UAV. The proposed structure of the antenna system contains six log-periodic antennas spaced in a circle by 60°. To process the received signal, a multichannel sequential analysis scheme is proposed, in which one scanning receiver is alternately connected to each of the antennas. It is shown that for this scheme, the parameter to be optimized is the flight speed of the UAV. A generalized expression for calculating this value is obtained. An expression for approximating the main lobe of the antenna radiation pattern in form of a Gaussian function is obtained. A procedure for calculating the direction on RFE by comparing the amplitudes of the received signals by two neighboring antennas is developed. Recommendations to avoid ambiguities in calculation angle of arrival for the case of several RFE are given. Compared to existing solutions, when a single receiving channel with a single directional antenna is used and space scanning is performed by rotating the UAV, the proposed approach with a multi-antenna system will reduce the time for azimuthal directions scanning.- Book : (99)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.41-48
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2025
The Fleischmann-Pons experiments have remained a contentious field since their inception in 1989, hampered by inconsistent reproducibility and a lack of theoretical consensus. This article presents two innovations in order to improve the reproducibility and irrefutability of these reactions. The first improvement consists in the controlled application of beta emitters in order to decrease the long induction period of cold fusion reactions and the following use of beta particle absorbers to regulate the electron replicability factor to avoid the runaway of these nuclear reactions. This idea comes from the suggestion of Edward Teller and his electron catalysis that creates in the system Pd/D unknown neutral particles (i.e. dineutrons, trineutrons and tetraneutrons). The second improvement consists in the application of elements with high neutron capture cross sections. This idea was already experimentally realized by Miles and Imam who studied the system Pd/D/Boron where the reproducibility was increased to about 90% and higher excess heat was observed. There are known some other elements with higher neutron capture cross sections that could improve the reproducibility and irrefutability of these reactions. E.g., gadolinium in the system Pd/D/Gd might significantly modify the result of these reactions. Many parallel nuclear reactions proceed in this system, and therefore, the total electron replicability factor has to be controlled during all these processes.- Book : 7(2)
- Pub. Date : 2025
- Page : pp.40-48
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